What process involves moving individuals with psychological or developmental disabilities from highly structured institutions to more integrated community settings?

The process that involves moving individuals with psychological or developmental disabilities from highly structured institutions to more integrated community settings is known as deinstitutionalization. This movement gained momentum in the latter half of the 20th century, driven by the recognition of the negative impacts of institutionalization, including social isolation and lack of individual autonomy. Deinstitutionalization aims to support individuals in more inclusive environments where they can receive personalized care, social support, and opportunities for community engagement.

The focus of deinstitutionalization is not only to provide less restrictive living situations but also to ensure that individuals have access to necessary services and support systems within their communities. This shift reflects a broader societal recognition of the rights of individuals with disabilities to live, work, and participate fully in society. It has been instrumental in promoting mental health awareness and advocating for better resources and support networks for individuals transitioning out of institutional care.